The c-ring is formed by two staggered, concentric rings of 15 helices, resulting in a clockwise vorticity when viewed from the cytoplasm. Both helices of one c subunit are connected by a loop on the ...

The voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC) mediates the flow of metabolites and ions across the outer mitochondrial membrane of all eukaryotic cells. The open channel passes millions of ATP molecules ...