Human lung fibroblasts stimulated with TGF-β1 to detect extracellular collagen I (pink), alpha-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) (green), and cell nuclei (blue) as a measure of matrix production and ...

Hypertrophic scarring affects a large proportion of patients following burns, trauma, or surgery and arises from prolonged fibroblast hyperactivity and excessive extracellular matrix accumulation.