The classic technique for assessing the history of a rocky planet’s geology is to count craters. On average, areas with longer exposure to space have had more impacts, and therefore more craters. By ...

The Triassic period stands out in Earth’s history as the time when dinosaurs first evolved. It was followed by the Jurassic and Cretaceous periods – at the end of the latter, the dinosaurs were wiped ...

To interpret what we see today both on land and at the seabed, we need to understand how the landscape was different in the past. When we say "past," we mean on a geologic timeframe—specifically, ...

No work on any science has yet been published in our language more exhaustive of facts, more clear in statement, or more philosophical in general character and arrangement, than Dana’s “ Mineralogy,” ...

The study of ecological dynamics would benefit greatly from a tripartite research effort similar to that used so successfully in climate and ocean dynamics (see Figure 2.1), where information about ...

3. 25 Facts About Geologic Time That Made Our Brains Hurt 4. How Do We Know? A Glimpse into Geologic Sleuthing 5. Our Fleeting Moment in Deep Time 6. Frequently Asked Questions What if we told you ...