Direct modulation of a laser 1 has always been used in optical telecommunications. Although distance–capacity product capabilities using this approach have been limited, it represents a very ...

Modulation is fundamental to electronic communications. The modulating signal might be analog in nature (voice or music) or digital bit streams. Most modern communication systems are digital, using ...

A new technical paper titled “Reconfigurable signal modulation in a ferroelectric tunnel field-effect transistor” was published by researchers at Lund University in Sweden. “Reconfigurable transistors ...

Modern oscilloscopes capture, view, measure, and analyze complex RF signals in the time, frequency, and modulation domains. Time-domain analysis, the original oscilloscope function, allows users to ...

A signal generator, a general-purpose piece of test equipment, performs numerous measurements for a variety of applications requiring electromagnetic wave signals as stimuli. Its roots trace back to ...

Wide bandwidth radio transmitters commonly use analog quadrature modulators (AQMs) to convert complex (I + j*Q) baseband signals to radio frequencies (RF). An AQM consists of a local oscillator (LO) ...

What is pulse width modulation? Pulse width modulation (PWM) is a powerful digital technique for controlling analog circuits with a microprocessor’s digital outputs. PWM is employed in a wide variety ...

A new technical paper titled “Three-to-one analog signal modulation with a single back-bias-controlled reconfigurable transistor” was published by researchers at NaMLab gGmbH, GlobalFoundries, and TU ...

On a high: do muons and neutrinos mimic DAMA's signal? The DAMA/LIBRA experiment is located deep below Gran Sasso mountain in central Italy. (Courtesy: LNGS) For the last 16 years, researchers at the ...