In the last Circuit VR we looked at some basic op amp circuits in a simulator, including the non-inverting amplifier. Sometimes you want an amplifier that inverts the signal. That is a 5V input ...

Did you ever wonder how to calculate the stability of an op amp circuit? Put the wrong compensation network into the feedback loop, and you’re got an attenuator or, worse, an oscillator. It’s not ...

One of the biggest problems for designers of op-amp circuitry arises when the circuit must be operated from a single supply, rather than ± 15 V. This application note provides working circuit examples ...

Circuit VR is where we talk about a circuit and examine how it works in simulation with LT Spice. This time we are looking at a common low-frequency oscillator known as the Wien bridge oscillator.

My hands-on introduction to operational amplifiers was in 1969 while in the army as a junior scientist in the Atmospheric Science Laboratory at the White Sands Proving Grounds. We had taken a ...

A comparator is a great circuit because it provides a near ideal transition between the analog and digital domains. The comparator looks at two linear input signals and gives a digital output that’s ...

b. The gain is set by VCC as the higher the supply voltage, the higher the gain. c. By the value of R3 as this resistor to ground sets the offset bias seen by the op-amp hence the gain. d. By the ...

The term instrumentation amplifier (INA) often is misused, referring to the application rather than the architecture of the device. Historically, any amplifier that was considered precision (i.e., ...

Industrial and medical design continually push to improve product accuracy and speed. The analogue integrated circuit industry has generally keptup with speed requirements, but it is falling behind on ...