If you simulate circuits that include not only analog, but also digital or switching/PWM aspects, then you know that traditional “AC” or frequency-domain analysis cannot be used for these designs.

In the first two parts of this article, the first two generations of triangle-wave generator loops were presented – the foundational concepts at the heart of function generator (FG) technology. This ...

Fig 1. This basic VCO/waveform generator IC circuit includes a voltage follower loop (formed with IC1) and symmetry feedback loop (IC3) to eliminate an asymmetric duty cycle, which would cause ...