Abstract: The Nelder-Mead simplex method is a well-known algorithm enabling the minimization of functions that are not available in closed-form and that need not be differentiable or convex.

Abstract: Aiming at the problem that Sparrow Search Algorithm(SSA) may fall into local optima and have slow convergence speed, a hybrid strategy improved sparrow ...

Objective Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the biggest cause of death in Europe putting an unsustainable burden on already struggling health systems. Increases in obesity are a major cause of NCDs ...